If You Help A Pig With Fluency

 

 

 

 Rationale: One vital component of reading and reading comprehension is reading with fluency. To read with fluency means to read with automatic word recognition. When readers can recognize words effortlessly and automatically, they can work full time at getting the message of the text, resulting in drastic improvements in reading comprehension. This lesson was designed to help readers become more fluent by through repeated readings and timed readings. Reading, rereading, and decoding develop fluency. With this lesson, students will be able to read texts smoothly, quickly and with expression, thus improving fluency.

 

Materials:

- Sentence strip that reads: "I love playing in the sand at the beach.”

- Cover-up Critter (Popsicle stick with 2 googly eyes)

- If You Give a Pig a Pancake by Laura Numeroff (enough for each student)

- Timer/stopwatch (for each pair)

- Pencils and paper

- Fluency checklist (one for each student)

   

Fluency Checklist

• I noticed that my partner.... 

 

After 2nd Reading     After 3rd Reading

• Remembered more words 

• Read faster

• Read smoother

• Read with expression

 

• Reading record time sheet

 

Time Record Sheet:

 

Name: ______________________

Date:________________________

 

1st Reading: ____________________

2ndReading: ____________________

3rd Reading: ____________________

 

Procedure:

 

1. Begin the lesson by saying, "Okay class, today we will be learning about how to become fluent readers. Does anyone know what the word fluent means? (Wait for response). When we are fluent readers, we are able to recognize words automatically, which means we don't have to stop our reading to analyze each word. To be a fluent reader means we begin to read quickly, smoothly and with expression. When we have fluency while we read, we are better able to understand what we read, making our reading more enjoyable. When we read out loud to others and our reading is fluent, our stories are more pleasant for others to listen to and understand."

 

2. Next, the teacher will display the sentence strip on the board which reads: "I love to play in the sand at the beach." Say: "Class I want you to listen to how I read the sentence on the board. (Read by separating each sound in each word) I-I  l-l-l-o-v-v-v- t-t-t-o-o-o p-l-l-l-a-y-y-y-y  i-n-n-n th-e-e-e   s-s-s-a-a-a-n-n-d a-a-a-a-t-t-t   th-e-e-e   b-b-ea-ea-ea-ch. That was very hard to understand. Let me try to read it again (This time read a bit faster and bit more fluently). Even though that was better, I still did not get the full message. Let me try to read it one more time (This time read quickly, smoothly and with much fluency). OH! I love to play in the sand at the beach! Now it makes sense! See how I had to re-read a few times so that I could really understand the message?" Ask: "Which reading was easiest for you to understand and easiest to follow?" (Wait for response). "Which one was hardest to follow?" (Wait for response). "The first time I read the sentence, I read it without fluency, so it was very hard to understand, and it was hard to comprehend what I was reading. However, after I re-read the sentence a few times, I was able to read with fluency and with much expression. This made it easier to understand and easier to comprehend that I like going to the beach to play. This is why becoming fluent readers is so important. I want each one of you to become fluent readers, and today we are going to work on that. So, let's get started!"

 

3. Next, say: "When you come across a word you do not know, you can use your cover-up critter to figure out the word. I will show you an example." Write the word strong on the board. "I am going to pretend that I do not know how to say this word, and I will use my cover-up critter to help me. First, I will start with the vowel and cover up all of the other letters in the word. The vowel in this word is o, and I Know that o = /o/. Then I will uncover the letters before the vowel. So in this word, I have s, t, and r which say /s/, /t/, and /r/. Then I will include the vowel with my first two letters and I will get /s/ /t/ /r/ /o/. Now I will uncover the remaining letters, n and g, and I know when these two letters are together, they make an /n/ and /g/ sound. When I put all of my sounds together I get the word strong. See how easy and kind of fun that was? If the cover-up critter does not work, I can also ask my neighbors to help me figure out the word."

 

 

4. Engage the students in a book talk about If You Give a Pig a Pancake "This little pig gets a pancake from her friend. Next she wants some syrup. What kind of syrup will she like? What other things is she going to need after she eats her pancake? Will she eat anymore? We’ll have to read the story to find out!”

 

5. Next, the teacher will explain to the class that they will be participating in a repeated reading with their assigned partner. "We participate in repeated readings because they help us become more fluent readers. The more we read, the better we become at reading. I am going to read the first chapter aloud to you, and I want you to follow along in your book. I am going to read with as much fluency as I can, so I want you to pay careful attention as I read." Read the first 3 pages aloud with much expression and with much smoothness.

 

6. Now the teacher will divide the students into reading partners (preferably one struggling reader paired with a successful reader). The teacher should assign each pair a different spot in the classroom so as to eliminate any distractions. Each group will receive a copy of If You Give a Pig a Pancake, a timer, a fluency checklist, a pencil, and a reading time sheet.

 

7. Once students have been assigned a partner and are in their designated spot in the room, the teacher will give instructions. "In this activity, one of you will be the reader, and your partner will be the recorder. The student whose first name is alphabetically before the other will be the first reader. As the reader, you will begin reading when your partner tells you to. You will read the entire first chapter and your partner will time you. This is not a race! This activity is to help us improve our fluency, not our reading speed, so be sure to take your time. After you have read, you will become the recorder and your partner will be the reader; we are going to take turns. When it is your turn to be the recorder, you will tell your partner when to begin reading. That will be your cue to start the timer. Time your partner until he or she has finished the whole first 10 pages; when they are done, be sure you stop the timer. Write his or her time on the time sheet. Then you will fill out the fluency checklist based on how your partner read that selection. Once you have filled out both sheets, you will take switch tasks again. You will do this three times each, so you will each read the first 10 pages 3 times, and you will each have a turn to be the recorder three times."

 

8. . Before beginning, have a student volunteer come up to the front of the class to model with you so that each and every student understands what to do for this activity.

 

9. While the students are working and reading, you should walk around the classroom to monitor the progress of each pair. Offer assistance when needed.

 

10. Assessment: The students will assess one another by completing the fluency checklist and the time record sheet. The teacher will assess each student's fluency using the following formula to determine students' words per minute:

Words read x 60

_________________________________

   Seconds it took to read

 

The teacher will also assign each student to write a complete paragraph based on what he or she read in this first chapter. This will help the teacher determine the student's comprehension of the selection.

 

Students will also answer comprehension questions: 

 

• What is the first thing that the pig wants to do after he eats his pancake with syrup?

• What caused the pig to want to take a bath? “Because he was sticky!”

 

References:

 

Fluent in Cookie Eating and Reading

 

Numeroff, Laura. If You Give A Pig A Pancake.  New York, NY: Harper Collins,

1998. Print.

 

Rockets, Reading.

 

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